• Physical properties of soils. Mineralogy, soil phases, grain size analysis, plasticity.
• Classification of soils by standard methods
• Soil compaction. Principles, laboratory and in situ standard tests.
• General principles of mechanics of soil
• Stress distribution in the soil mass. Theory of Elasticity. Geostatic stresses and stresses due to external loads.
• Water in the soil under static conditions. Principle of effective stress.
• Steady water flow. Darcy’s law. Soil permeability
• Two dimensional seepage. Flow nets, water pressure, rate of flow.