Building art in antiquity, in medieval and modern times: Problems of terminology (loans and misinterpretations). Materials and ways of building (masonry, floors, stairwells, openings, antiseismic care, etc.). The time course of a building (conversions, additions and their impact on the behavior of the building). Structural failures, way of destruction. Constructions of stone, brick, wood, metal, cast and mixed. Masonry, arches, domes and shells. Wooden building blocks of historic buildings (roofs, floors, stairs, frames). Morphology and modes of construction.